It’s important to understnad topics that are related to understanding data centers, understanding clusters, understanding hosts and understanding storage domains. We’ll also cover understanding networks and understanding virtual machines.
So we’ll have a basic idea about what are the different components or the core components that make your Oracle Linux Virtualization Manager work to implement the high-level virtualization and high-availability architectures and management of quality of services. Let’s try to understand each of these topics as we go further. When we talk about the core components, your Oracle Linux Virtualization Manager is actually categorized into data centers, clusters, and hosts. So the main idea is your virtualization environment consists of the main core components, like the data center cluster and the host.
So data center can consist of multiple clusters, and clusters can consist of multiple hosts. The hosts here are referred to KVM host. Inside the host, you can have multiple virtual machines that can be created depending on the availability of resources under those hosts. And if hosts are configured with cluster management, we can also go with clustered environments, where you can have migration of virtual machines and implementation of, you can say, fencing and other features if your host and clusters are configured, if your cluster contains multiple hosts.
And with these, you also need to know the high-availability considerations, like how I can configure high availability architectures inside my Oracle Linux Virtualization Manager. As I said, virtual machine migration is one of the feature of high-availability architecture and that is possible with clusters and hosts configured properly. Then we have got to understand the networks. We have got the logical networks, and how these logical networks are configured and what are the components related to logical networks. And we are going to see these storage components like storage domains and understand what type of storage domains you can configure inside your Oracle Linux virtual manager.
And at the end, we’ll also see a bit of event logging and notification. All these components that we are looking in here, we’ll be understanding these components, like host, virtual machines, high ability considerations, network, storage, as we go further in the course with individual chapters related to all these components. So let’s get started with understanding the basic idea related to the core components and their features and their settings. So the first thing is the data centers in Oracle Linux Virtualization Manager.
A data center represents the highest organizational level within the OLVM hierarchy, encapsulating clusters, host, storage, and network configuration. So basically a data center in OLVM is designed to provide a comprehensive and unified management framework for all virtualized resources within an organization. So you can understand a data center is a logical grouping of the components like clusters, hosts, storage domains, and networks. It serves as the primary container for organizing and managing resources, ensuring consistent policies, configuration, and resource allocation across the infrastructures.
Inside the data center, you might have multiple clusters. So inside the oVirt engine– the oVirt engine can handle multiple data centers. You can configure many data centers into engine. And each data center can have multiple different sets of clusters, clusters and hosts like clusters. Each data center contains one or more clusters. Clusters are group of hosts that share the same storage domains and network configuration. And inside the cluster, you can have hosts, which are physical servers within a data center, which are organized into clusters. Each host within a data center must belong to a cluster, ensuring efficient resource management and virtual machine allocation.
Then when we talk about the storage domains, the data centers encapsules storage domains, which are logical entities representing physical storage resources. They can be configured as NFS, iSCSI, fiber channel, gluster file system. So there are different types of storage domains that you can configure inside your Oracle Linux Virtualization Manager. The shared storage is actually a storage that is shared between the component of your clusters. So all clusters and hosts within a data center share access to these storage domains, enabling virtual machine migrations and centralized storage management.
Different types of storage domains can be created, including data, ISO, export domains, and each serving specific purpose inside your virtual environments. Other than this, the data center also consists of networks. You have got networks which are defined at the data center level and applied to clusters and host supporting various network topologies like VLANs and multi-interface configurations. So if you want to go with a data center creation, you can do that by getting into your administration portal.
Using a GUI interface, you will go to the menu, which is called as a Compute. And inside the compute, you will select Data Centers, which will take you to the page for the data centers which are available inside your engine. And when I look at the data center part, I can see every installation will have one default data center created for you. You can create other data centers. You can define properties for it by using the buttons, which are listed there, which are called as the New button, so New button or the Edit button. The New button will help you in creating a new data center and Edit will help you in editing an existing data center.
You can also remove the data centers from the system by using the Remove button. So these are the different actions that you can perform using your Data Center main page. Now, let’s see what are the features that I need to consider when I’m creating a new data center. So in the new data center, when you click that New data center button, you get this window, which pops up for defining the new data center properties. The new data center will have to be provided with a name. The name of the data center, it’s a text field, and it can have up to 40-character limit, and it should be a unique data center inside your engine.
Then we have got the other component which is called as the storage type. Very much important to define what kind of storage is managed under this particular data center, whether it’s a shared storage or whether it’s a local storage type. So you can have a data center getting attached to local storage, which will not have a cluster configuration, cluster management, and high-availability architectures. But it only supports a single host and a single non-shareable cluster or a local cluster that is created for a local storage type data center.
If I use shared, the shared storage domain can be anything related to iSCSI, NFS, FC, which is fiber channels, POSIX, or gluster file system. They can be added to the same data center. And local and shared domains, however, cannot be mixed. So again, at the time of creating the data center, you decide whether you want to create the data center with shared storage, or whether it’s a local storage data center. Usually, you create the local storage data center if you are trying to do some kind of testing, or doing some kind of development stages or creating virtual machines for test and development.
But on production environments, majorly, for high-availability architectures for implementing fencing, or getting into QOS management and other features of high-availability architecture, we need to have a shared domain. Then we have got the compatibility version. The compatibility version parameter defines the Red Hat virtualization compatibility. So to what level is it compatible? So that is what is defined by the compatibility version. Then we have got the quota. The quota is a resource limitation tool provided with Red Hat virtualization, which can be defined as disabled, ordered, or enforced.
The values inside the quota mode can be audit, disabled, or enforced. By default, it is audit. If you want to edit the quota settings and you want to allow the machines to utilize beyond the set limit, I can use the audit option. And I can get it logged to see whether I’m using more than the value required, which has been set as a quota. But if I enforce the quota, which is usually done on the production environments to force the systems not to go beyond the quota that is allocated to them, and disable this, you’re not controlling any quota limit. So you define these options at the data center level.
We have also got something which is called as the quality of service. Quality of service in Oracle. Linux Virtualization Manager is a powerful feature that allows administrators to manage and optimize the performance of virtual resources by prioritizing workloads or setting resource limits and guarantees and implementing bandwidth management. Quality of service ensures that critical applications receive the necessary resource, that resource contention is minimized. And implementing QOS policies enhances the reliability, efficiency, and predictability of a virtualized environment, leading to a better overall performance and user satisfaction.
And to do that, or to configure the default QOS policies for the storage, you can do that by getting into your Data Center page for your data center, selecting that data center from the data center page, and you get the details of the data center page in which you have got the QOS, Quality Of Service.
And then you can define the quality of service by using the options like for the storage quality of service, you have got the New button there to which you can create a new quality of service definition. To applying the storage quality of service to manage input outputs per second and bandwidth for virtual machines, ensure that high-performance storage needs are met without impacting other virtualization environments.
We have got– One of the option here is the Storage option, where we are creating a new storage QOS, where we can define the QOS name and the description, and then we can define the properties of the quality of service definition. Like I want to define the IOps limits, I can configure the total amount of IOps, amount of IOps for read, and amount of IOps for write that you’re giving as a limitation for the environment. So you’ve got set the limits on the I/O operations per second or bandwidth for storage devices to control the storage performance and reserve a minimum number of IOps for critical VMs to ensure they receive the necessary storage performance.
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